The Impact of Experiences and Perceptions of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) on Water‐Related Biosecurity Behaviour in Rural Vietnam

Abstract

BackgroundIn Southeast Asia from 2004 to 2006, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) resulted in culling 45 million birds and jeopardizing sustainable agricultural production. HPAI is highly virulent; small‐scale farms present a high‐risk environment for disease transmission between animals and humans. We investigated how attitudes toward HPAI influence water‐related biosecurity mitigation behaviors on small‐scale farms in Vietnam using the conceptual framework Social Cognitive Theory.MethodWe analyzed a secondary cross‐sectional data set from northern (Thai Binh) and southern (An Giang) provinces in Vietnam, describing a stratified randomized selection of 600 small‐scale farmers who were interviewed using questionnaires and in‐person interviews. Logistic regression analysis and odds ratios were used to examine relationships between factors influencing HPAI attitudes, social norms, perceived importance, and behaviors (α = 0.10)ResultsConcern about the severity of HPAI was significantly associated with increased perceived importance for all water management biosecurity methods (p < 0.01). Media and/or peer influence had negative effects on perceived importance to practice water‐related biosecurity (p < 0.10). High importance of practice water‐related biosecurity resulted in high uptake (p < 0.05). Past experiences with HPAI were significant in predicting perceived importance; none were significant in describing behavior uptake.DiscussionBiosecurity guidelines may not be consistent with management styles of Vietnamese small‐scale farms; perceived importance of a behavior may be an important mediating variable. Gaps exist in uptake of water management practices as biosecurity for HPAI, potentially negatively affected by peer and media influence. Our results should be of interest to public health and policy authorities addressing HPAI mitigation.