The impact of emigration from Serbia to Hungary on the human resources of Vojvodina

Abstract

In the recent decades the migration processes and circular migration are increasing worldwide and have become more and more complex. There has been a new type of international migration - back and forth international migration. Nowadays, job seeking in the international space, brain circulation, multiple citizenship and identity, property ownership and consumption at the place of origin and at destination residence result in completely new lifestyles in Central and Eastern Europe, too. After the disintegration of the socialist regime both in Serbia and Hungary, new types of emigrants from Serbia appeared in Hungary, namely students, highly qualified workers, entrepreneurs, elders and circulars. The most recent types of migrants along the Serbian-Hungarian border area are: economic emigrants (emigrant physical workers); creative class (entrepreneurs, businessmen, international traders); circulars and seasonal emigrants, as well as students. The hypothesis of this work is that the main motive of emigration from Serbia to Hungary is the economic motive, especially job-seeking. The analysis of emigration from Serbia to Hungary is based on the interviews and questionnaire-based research obtained among emigrants from Vojvodina to Hungary, who were living in Hungary or commuting there regularly between 2010 and 2013. The obtained data prove the hypothesis. The economic motives are present even when the emigrants do not stay in Hungary, but move off to more developed countries of the EU.