The impact of elevated C-reactive protein levels on long-term outcomes of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Abstract

BackgroundIn patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), elevated pre-procedural C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are frequently observed. Its impact on long-term results of TAVR is unclear. The aim of the study was to investigate the long-term (up to six years) clinical outcomes of TAVR patients with normal compared to elevated CRP levels before TAVR. MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing TAVR between August 2012 and January 2023 at a tertiary cardiology facility were included. Patients were divided into two cohorts based on the baseline CRP levels: normal CRP (≤ 5 mg/l) and elevated CRP (>5 mg/l). The cohorts were followed clinically for up to six years after TAVR. ResultsFrom a total of 1000 TAVR patients (mean age 81 ± 6 years), 268 patients (27 %) were found to have elevated baseline CRP (>5 mg/l). Such patients had significantly more co-morbidities (e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, concomitant valvopathies). They also developed periprocedural infections more frequently (3 % vs. 1 %, p = 0.007) and required more commonly repeat hospitalizations for infections during follow-up (HR 1.97, CI 1.47–2.64, p < 0.001). All-cause mortality and development of valve dysfunction did not significantly differ between patients with elevated and normal baseline CRP levels. ConclusionAlbeit long-term results of TAVR patients with elevated pre-procedural CRP levels seem favorable in terms of survival and development of valve dysfunction, they have an increased risk for periprocedural infections and re-admissions due to infections of any type during the follow-up period.