The Impact of Doula Support on Birth Roles, Infant and Maternal Health, and Pregnancy

Abstract

Background: Only 6% of birthing people in the United States use a doula during childbirth. Doulas are certified professionals skilled in providing continuous one-to-one support for the expectant mother by helping them achieve their birthing plan. In addition to regular nursing care, continuous one-to-one emotional support provided by support personnel such as doulas has shown promising outcomes for women in labor. However, the implementation of doulas remains controversial and is attributed to their underutilization. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to explore the impact of doula support on birth roles, infant and maternal health, and pregnancy. Method: A systematic analysis of this review includes evidence-based literature surrounding the impact of doula support. The patient, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time (PICOT) question guiding this review was: In labor and delivery, what are the effects of doulas on the pregnancy and laboring process vs. those without doula labor support throughout the pregnancy. Results: Themes of impactful doula support identified in this study included positive birth experiences, birth team dynamics, infant and maternal outcomes, and sociodemographic obligation. The findings of this study indicate significant evidence that doulas positively impact each of these themes. Conclusion: Doulas have an integral role within each of these by providing one-on-one care, continuous support, and possess extensive pregnancy and childbirth awareness that fosters a strong rapport with their clients. Promoting inclusive doula care among pregnant and postpartum women would allow doulas to further embody full-spectrum care to individuals. The benefits of doula use outweigh any potential burdens.