The Impact of Different Anterior Cruciate Ligament Status on Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty: Short Term Clinical and Functional Results

Abstract

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to compare the short-term results of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty applied stable knees regardless of the condition of the ACL and the application of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and ACL reconstruction combined surgery applied to ACL deficient cases with anterior instability and to identify the condition and function of the ACL for success in this surgery. Patients and Methods: 80 out of the 105 patients who were operated in 2013-2015 and came for follow-up were included in the study and the patients were divided into four groups. The VAS pain score, KSS Score, WOMAC score, OKS questionnaires and joint range of motion measurements were conducted pre-operatively and post-operatively. One leg standing test, joint position sense measurement, and isokinetic muscle strength test were performed in post-operative controls. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the demographic data and follow-up of the groups (p˃0.05). While there was a statistically significant difference in knee flexion between Group 2-Group 4 and Group 3-Group 4 in the pre-operative period, no difference was found in the post-operative period (p˃0.05). While there was no difference among the groups, knee joint range of motion in direction of extension declined in a statistically significant way in all four groups (p˂0.05). Pain felt postoperatively was the most in Group 1 and the least in Group 3. A statistically significant difference was found between Group 1 and Group 3 in the test performed with the eyes closed (p˂0.05). Conclusion: The presence of a functional anterior cruciate ligament is expected to make a positive contribution to surgical results especially in young patients with high activity expectation. Whether the patient’s ACL rupture is primary or secondary and his/her activity expectation should be effective in the choice of a surgical method.