Abstract
The impact of diet and fibre fractions on adipocytokines in obese subjects with a risk of diabetes has not been investigated in detail yet. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of a 12-month lifestyle intervention with different fibre profiles (resistant starch (RS)—rich fibre, or ordinary food fibre profiles) on adipocytokine levels. Fifty participants are divided into two groups (RS group and Fibre group). The groups differ only in the percentage of the recommended level of the RS consumed as a fraction of the same total fibre amount. The applied dietary intervention includes intake of 7531 KJ/daywith a total fibre portion of 25–35 g/dayfor both groups that includes 15 g/day of RS for the RS group only. The levels of leptin, adiponectin, apelin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and C-reactive protein (CRP) are measured, and their relationship to anthropometric and biochemical parameters is estimated. Along with significant body weight loss, only leptin is significantly reduced by 13% in the RS group while in the Fibre group, apelin levels are significant (−21%). Polynomial regression shows a negative correlation between RS intake and adiponectin (R2 = 0.145) and resistin level (R2 = 0.461) in the RS group. This study indicates the possibility that fibre fractions differently influence the outcome of lifestyle interventions, as well as their adipocytokine levels, in obese prediabetic adults.
Highlights
Obesity is a chronic disease characterised by an overly enlarged adipose tissue
This study indicates the possibility that fibre fractions differently influence the outcome of lifestyle interventions, as well as their adipocytokine levels, in obese prediabetic adults
Fifty obese participants aged between 45–74 with impaired glucoregulation were enrolled in the study and were monitored throughout a one year study duration
Summary
Obesity is a chronic disease characterised by an overly enlarged adipose tissue. Mechanisms underlying obesity are complex in nature, with evidence of the involvement of genetic and environmental factors, as well as behavioural factors [1]. An adipose tissue is not just a simple fat deposit, it has a secretory function in producing a number of adipocytokines which themselves act as hormones affecting energy homeostasis, regulation of neuroendocrine function, and have a role in immune system response [3]. Leptin is a regulator of energy homeostasis [4] and has a proinflammatory effect in diabetes and obesity [5]. Resistin is extensively secreted by monocytes and macrophages, so it may have a role as a proinflammatory mediator of insulin resistance [8]. The level of these adipocytokines, except adiponectin, is increased in conditions of obesity and impaired glucoregulation
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