Abstract
This study focused on identifying factors influencing recurrent lumbar disc herniation (RLDH) by analyzing demographic data, body mass index (BMI), and radiologic disc properties in patients undergoing single-level unilateral lumbar disc herniation surgery. Our retrospective analysis included 2 groups from our clinic: Group 1 (n= 41) with patients experiencing RLDH requiring a second surgery, and Group 2 (n= 73) with patients having a single surgery and no recurrence over at least a 5-year follow-up. We assessed age, sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), BMI, Pfirrmann disc degeneration type, herniation types (protrusion, extrusion, and sequestration), and surgical level. The mean ages of Groups 1 and 2 were 48.93 ± 13.47 and 44.4 ± 11.79 years, respectively, with no significant age difference (P= 0.064). Gender distribution was also not significantly different, with 63.41% males in Group 1 and 56.16% in Group 2 (P= 0.450). DM prevalence was similar in both groups (P= 0.727). Notably, HT was significantly lower in Group 2 (P= 0.018). The average BMI was comparable between groups (P= 0.607), and no significant difference in Pfirrmann disc degeneration scores was observed (P= 0.547). Radiologic disc type distributions did not significantly differ (P= 0.448). Most surgeries in both groups were at the L4-5 level, with no significant differences in surgical levels (P= 0.456). We found that factors like gender, age, DM, obesity, surgical level, disc degeneration, and disc types do not significantly impact RLDH. However, the higher occurrence of HT in recurrent cases indicates a potential area for further research.
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