Abstract
The desire to increase energy efficiency and reliability of power grids, along with the need for reducing carbon emissions has led to increasing the utilization of Home Micro-grids (H-MGs). In this context, the issue of economic emission dispatch is worthy of consideration, with a view to controlling generation costs and reducing environmental pollution. This paper presents a multi-objective energy management system, with a structure based on demand response (DR) and dynamic pricing (DP). The proposed energy management system (EMS), in addition to decreasing the market clearing price (MCP) and increasing producer profits, has focused on reducing the level of generation units emissions, as well as enhancing utilization of renewable energy units through the DR programs. As a consequence of the nonlinear and discrete nature of the H-MGs, metaheuristic algorithms are applied to find the best possible solution. Moreover, due to the presence of generation units, the Taguchi orthogonal array testing (TOAT) method has been utilized to investigate the uncertainty regarding generation units. In the problem being considered, each H-MG interacts with each other and can negotiate based on their own strategies (reduction of cost or pollution). The obtained results indicate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, a decrease in emissions and an increase in the profit achieved by each H-MG, by 37% and 10%, respectively.
Highlights
In recent years, along with the growth of global demand for electricity, concerns over the growing levels of air pollution and greenhouse gases, and, the causal link to health issues and global warming have increased considerably
It is assumed that the consumers and Home Micro-grids (H-MGs) have already agreed on a short/long-term contract with an energy provider or utility grid, any discussion revolving around the contracts and intellectual property is beyond the scope of this paper
In this paper, it is not directly investigated the discussion of demand response (DR) schemes benefits for the consumer, it emphasizes the positive impact of DR programs on decreasing H-MG emissions and increasing H-MGs profits derived from following the DR schemes
Summary
Along with the growth of global demand for electricity, concerns over the growing levels of air pollution and greenhouse gases, and, the causal link to health issues and global warming have increased considerably. H-MGs together to create a local structure allows each H-MG to form a coalition and thereby share the power demand and supply in a co-ordinated manner [7,8,9,10] This coalition will increase the productivity of renewable equipment along with load response, reliability and, most importantly, energy independence, all of which reduce the production of pollutants derived from generation units based on fossil fuels [11]. DR programs based on their appliances situations It proposes a multi-objective EMS based on optimization methods and DR strategy to enhance energy independence, decrease air pollution and costs for subscribers, as well as gaining more productivity of non-dispatchable units.
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