Abstract
ì¸ëë 2021ë 03ì COVID-19 ëì íì§ì ìê° 1,173ë§ ëª ì ëì´ì°ê³ , ë¯¸êµ ë¤ìì¼ë¡ ëê·ëª¨ íì§ìê° ë°ìíì¬ ì êµì ì¼ë¡ ë§ëí í¼í´ë¥¼ ë³´ìë¤. í¹í ë¹ê³µìë ¸ëì ì¢ ì¬íë ì¸ë ë´ ì´ì£¼ ë ¸ëìë¤ì í¬ë믹과 ë´ìì¡°ì¹ì ì§ì í격ì ë°ì ìì´ì£¼ì ìì¡´ì ìíì ê²ªê³ ìë¤. 2021ë ê¹ì§ COVID-19ê° ì§ìë ê²½ì° ê´ê´ ë° ì ê° ì°ì ìì 2ì²ë§ê° ì´ìì ì¼ìë¦¬ê° ì¬ë¼ì§ ê²ì¼ë¡ ììëê³ ìì¼ë©°, ì´ë¯¸ ë ¸ëì ë¶ì¬ë¡ ì¸í ìì°ë©´ììì í격ë íì¤íëê³ ìë¤. ë í° ë¬¸ì ë ì´ë¬í ì¼ì리 ê°ìì ë ¸ëìì¥ì ìê·¹íê° COVID-19 ì´ì ë¶í° 꾸ì¤í ì§íëì´ ì¤ë 구조ì ì¸ ë¬¸ì ìì ì¶ë°íìì¼ë©°, ì½ë¡ë ëì íì 구조ì 문ì ì íë°ì ë°íì ì´ë§¤ì ê° ëìì ë¿ì´ë¼ë ì ì´ë¤. ì´ì ë°ë¼ ì¸ë ì°ì ê³¼ ë ¸ëìì¥ì 구조ì ì¸ ë¬¸ì ê° ë¬´ìì¸ì§ ì§ì´ 본ë¤. ì¸ë ì ë¶ì ì ì¡°ì ì¡ì±ì± (Make in India)ì ë¬¼ë¡ ì´ê³ , 2020ë ì½ë¡ë ì¬íì í ê°ì´ë°ì ì 기ë ì립 ì¸ë(Atmanirbhar Bharat) ì ì± ë ì´ë¬í 문ì ì í´ê²°ì ëí ê³ ë¯¼ìì ììë ê²ì´ë¤. 본 ì°êµ¬ë ëì§í¸íì 4ì°¨ì°ì íëª ì ë§ì´íê³ ìë íì¤ì ë ë¤ë¥¸ ì기 ì¦íì ì´ë§¤ì ê° ìëë¼, 문ì í´ê²°ì ë¨ìê° ë ì ìë ë ¸ëìì¥ ì¬êµ¬ì±ì ë°©í¥ì±ì ì´í´ë³¸ë¤. India has recently experienced an acute crisis confronting the COVID-19 pandemic as confirmed cases exceeded 11.73 million in March 2021, which was the second worst scale only after the United States. The strict lockdown measures as well as the pandemic itself posed a serious threat of survival, in particular, to immigrant workers engaged in informal sectors, which triggered their reverse immigration. In case the COVID-19 pandemic continues in 2021, it is estimated that in the sector of tourism and service alone, more than 20 million jobs will disappear. The damage on industry is already being realized with the significant decrease of workforce. It is important to note, however, that jobless growth and labor polarization were observed even before the outbreak of COVID-19, and that the pandemic only served as one of the trigger catalysts that made those submerged problems burst out. In this study, we examine the structural problems in industry and labor market in India and consider the social context and efficacy of the âMake in Indiaâ or âAtmanirbhar Bhratâ policy. The latter initiative was presented in the trenches of the pandemic in 2020. While considering the complexity of problems, we would like to pursue a future-oriented approach and propose a direction in restructuring the labor market, attempted at reversing the critical conditions following the fourth industrial revolution and digitization into the shortcut to labor market restructuring. Keywords: COVID-19, India, Labor Market, Labor Gap, Digitization, Caste System
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