The Impact of COVID-19 on Renal Resistive Index in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Abstract

There is a lack of renal resistive index (RRI)-based data on the effects of COVID-19 in transplant patients. We aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 on the RRI of renal transplant recipients and to review the outcomes of patients who underwent renal transplantation (RT) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data of 90 recipients were retrospectively reviewed. The age, sex, body mass index, dialysis time before transplantation, history of COVID-19, postoperative serum creatinine levels (1, 6, and 12 months), and complications of the recipients were recorded. The before and after COVID-19 RRI values of 13 recipients at 1 week after transplant and 3 months after COVID-19 were compared. The outcomes and complications of recipients who underwent RT before the COVID-19 pandemic (group 1, n=47) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (group 2, n=43) were also compared. There was a statistically significant difference in terms of the median RRI values of 13 recipients before and after COVID-19 (0.6 [0.53-0.76] vs 0.7 [0.62-0.9], respectively [P=.032]). At the 12-month follow-up, the serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate levels were found to be statistically significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (P=.001 and P=.004, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between group 1 and group 2 regarding complication rates (53.2% vs 60.5%, respectively; P > .05). We found that COVID-19 affected RRI values in RT recipients. Our findings show that the outcomes of kidney transplants performed during the COVID-19 pandemic were no worse than those of transplants performed before the pandemic.