Abstract
occurred in players with no history of shoulder injury in the last 3 years (injury incidence rate of 3.5/1000 pph). Extrinsic risk factors were shoulder pads and player position. 36% players used shoulder pads during games. An injury incidence rate of 3.5/1000 pph was recorded for players not wearing shoulder pads during a match compared to 0.8/1000 pph for wearers. Back Five positions had the highest injury incidence rate of 7.9/1000 pph. Being tackled and tackling were the two mechanisms of injury that contributed to 67% of the total time loss. During the season, 41% of participants reported experiencing shoulder pain but that did not stop them from participating in matches and did not appear to be correlated with injury risk. Discussion: A recursive injury model was applied to the study design and analysis. Shoulder pain or impairment did not appear to be associated with injury. Tackling, either as a tackler or being tackled is the main inciting event for shoulder injuries, which is consistent with other studies on injury in rugby union. Recursiveness may not be relevant to shoulder injury risk.
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