The impact of climate change on agriculture in the regions of the Russian Federation

Abstract

The subject of the research reflected in this article is climate change, which causes serious problems in the development of agriculture in the world. This is especially true in countries where the place and role of agriculture in the economy are decisive. Russia also belongs to them. Changes in solar activity combined with large-scale transformations of agricultural holdings lead to rapid changes in the sectoral structure of agricultural enterprises and agriculture at the national level. The article reveals the features and current state of the agro-industrial complex of Russia on the example of the southern regions, which are considered the most favorable for agriculture. The main conclusions of the study are the identified future trends in the development of agriculture in the southern regions of Russia, taking into account changes in climatic conditions, namely: 1) the beginning of a gradual change in the production focus of individual regions towards completely new crops for climate-altered natural conditions of agricultural lands; 2) the consequence of global warming for agriculture is a reduction in agricultural production due to a decrease in crop yields and livestock productivity, but this is not a negative factor, since the expansion of soil fertility (geography of favorable conditions for agriculture) will allow to optimize yields with a higher economic effect (to cultivate land where the early there was a climatic opportunity for this, to use the most fertile areas for growing new valuable crops).