The impact of age, race, and HPV status on the increasing incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma in U.S. women

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the demographic and HPV status in relation to the increasing incidence of adenocarcinoma in the United States. Methods: Data were obtained from the United States Cancer Statistics from 2001 to 2016. SEER*Stat and Joinpoint regression were used to calculate average annual percent change (AAPC). Incidence rates were corrected for hysterectomy using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. THe National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was used to evaluate HPV genotypes in a healthy cohort. Results: Of 201,609 patients with cervical adenocarcinoma between 2001-2016, White, Black, Hispanic, Asian and others comprised 62%, 15.4%, 16.3%, 4.4% and 1.8% of patients. Overall the 40-44 year-old age groups had the highest incidence (2.97 / 100,000). We also found an average annual increase of 2.4% in this age group. (p or =5 partners. Although HPV 16 was the predominant HPV genotype at 18.4%, HPV 18 comprised 9.1% of the HPV positive patients within the study group. Blacks have a two-fold higher rate of HPV 18 infection (3.2% vs 1.3%; p Download : Download high-res image (320KB) Download : Download full-size image Conclusions: The incidence of adenocarcinoma is increasing in the United States. Blacks have a higher incidence of metastatic disease compared to Whites and other races. HPV 18 genotypes were more prevalent in Blacks compared to Whites with no difference HPV 16.