Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different concentrations of egg yolk EY (0%, 10%, and 20%) in the semen extender during the cryopreservation process of goat semen out of the breeding season. A total of 12 ejaculates were collected from six Anglo Nubain dairy bucks as two ejaculates for each buck aged between (1-5) years over a two week period by using Electro-ejaculation (EEJ) during the non-breeding season. Post collection, the semen samples were evaluated for motility and mass activity. Subsequently, the semen samples were initially diluted in Tris solution (without Egg yolk or Glycerol) in order to preserve the motility of sperm cells. The semen samples from each buck were evaluated for pre-freezing motility and morphology then divided into three sub-samples and diluted in Tris extender with T1 (control) 0% EY, T2 10% EY, and T3 20% EY. The semen samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen (-196 C). After thawing, the semen samples were evaluated for sperm motility and morphology. The morphology of sperm did not differ among treatments nor between pre-freezing and post-thawing evaluations. However, the motility of semen diluted with 10% EY was (P<0.05) numerically but not statistically higher than semen diluted with 0% and 20% EY. According to the obtained results of this study, it is recommended that a 10% EY level or less be included in the Tris extender during cryopreservation of goat semen for superior motility and morphology results.
Highlights
Throughout the 20th century, two main methods have been used for sperm preservation in terms of storage technology which are slow freezing and verification
The main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different levels of egg yolk in the semen extender on the motility and morphology of goat semen before freezing and after thawing
The remarkable seasonal effect of the egg yolk on sperm motility without removing seminal plasma may be caused by increasing the concentration of egg yolk coagulating enzyme (EYCE) in seminal plasma with the progress of the breeding season into the non-breeding season [13]
Summary
Throughout the 20th century, two main methods have been used for sperm preservation in terms of storage technology which are slow freezing and verification. The greatest barrier of using frozen-thawed semen widely is generally due to the decrease in motility and viability of sperm cells post freezing and thawing procedures of goat semen This is resulted from damage in the membrane integrity and ultrastructure of sperm cell [5].Cryopreservation of semen can contribute to new ways in the development of different reproductive techniques, for example in artificial insemination (AI) which can be used to enhance animal production in a limited timeframe [6]. The successful use of AI is influenced by the rigorous supervision in terms of collecting and handling of semen, and is achieved by manipulating the cryopreservation media in a way that cannot be deleterious to the goat semen These new trends in sperm cryopreservation have given a better solution for the interaction problem between the seminal plasma and the dilution media [8].Over the last five decades, the use of frozen-thawed semen has played a significant role in AI programs in the production of domestic animals. Sperm cells are provided with an energy source, protection against thermal shock, and maintenance of the environmental factors in order to increase the survival rate of sperm cells [2].the hypothesis of this study is: Does the addition of different egg yolk levels to the semen extender improve the motility and morphology of goat semen pre-freezing and post-thawing?
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