Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a community-based food education program on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Participants (n = 36; 65.9 ± 6.0 years old) were recruited in primary health care to a 9-month community-based lifestyle intervention program for patients with T2D and randomly assigned to an exercise program (control group; n = 16) or an exercise program plus a food education program (experimental group; n = 20). Nutrition-related knowledge was assessed through a modified version of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire. The increase in total nutrition-related knowledge score and sources of nutrients area score was significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group. No significant changes in nutrition-related knowledge were found between groups in dietary recommendations and diet-disease relationship areas, although improvements were observed. This community-based food education program, with the use of easy to implement strategies (short-duration lectures and dual-task problem solving activities during exercise), had a positive and encouraging impact on nutrition-related knowledge in middle-aged and older patients with T2D.
Highlights
Diabetes is a public health problem that is increasing worldwide [1]
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common type of diabetes [3], and its prevalence is likely to increase with age [4]
We only found one study in the community setting that analyzed nutrition-related knowledge after the application of a food education program [23]
Summary
Diabetes is a public health problem that is increasing worldwide [1]. According to InternationalDiabetes Federation (IDF), in Europe, in 2017, there were 58 million individuals with diabetes [2].This number is expected to increase by 16% until 2045, reaching the value of 67 million people with diabetes [2]. Diabetes is a public health problem that is increasing worldwide [1]. Diabetes Federation (IDF), in Europe, in 2017, there were 58 million individuals with diabetes [2]. This number is expected to increase by 16% until 2045, reaching the value of 67 million people with diabetes [2]. In Portugal, more than 1 million people between the ages of 20 and 79 have diabetes [3]. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common type of diabetes [3], and its prevalence is likely to increase with age [4]. The adverse effects of hyperglycemia can be categorized into microvascular
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