Abstract
Background Progressive degenerative changes in the body of elderly people lead to a decrease in physical and mental fitness. Seniors have a problem with performing tasks that involve both physical and mental health at the same time. The risk of falls increases, the consequences of which in old age may be particularly dangerous. It was decided to investigate the impact of performing exercises involving both physical and mental spheres on the dynamic agility in older women. Methods 73 women (69.9 ± 3.2) were divided into two groups: intervention (IG, n = 34) and control (CG, n = 39). Individuals with IG participated in the Jaques-Dalcroze Eurhythmics exercise programme for 12 weeks, twice a week for 45 minutes each. Dynamic agility was determined by the Timed Up and Go test, which was conducted both in single-task (TUG_ST) and dual-task (TUG_DT) conditions, where the participant was simultaneously counting down from 60 every 3. The percentage difference between the results of both tests (dual-task cost, DTC) was also determined. Both groups had two measurement sessions: one week before the start of the exercise programme and one week after the end of exercise programme. Results After 12 weeks of exercise, IG participants obtained significantly better results in TUG_DT (p < 0.001) and DTC (p = 0.003) tests. During this time, CG participants had significantly worse results in TUG_DT (p < 0.001) and DTC (p < 0.001) tests. In the TUG_ST test, neither IG nor CG achieved a significant change in the result. In each test, a significant interaction between the group assignment and the measurement session was observed: TUG_ST: F = 11.523, η2P = 0.139, p = 0.001; TUG_DT: F = 60.227, η2P = 0.458, p < 0.001; DTC: F = 32.382, η2P = 0.313, p < 0.001. Conclusion JDE exercises with a frequency of twice a week, for about 12 weeks, have a significant impact on the improvement of the dynamic agility control in women over 65 years of age.
Highlights
A number of degenerative changes occur in the body of seniors
Among the most common is muscle mass loss combined with an increase in body fat [1] and osteoarthritis, which affects more than 50% of the population over 65 years of age [2]
The direction of changes in the results obtained by intervention group (IG) and control group (CG) before and after the intervention is presented in
Summary
Among the most common is muscle mass loss combined with an increase in body fat [1] and osteoarthritis, which affects more than 50% of the population over 65 years of age [2] Most cognitive functions, such as memory, logical reasoning, spatial imagination, and the speed of thought processes, are decreasing [3]. The percentage difference between the results of both tests (dual-task cost, DTC) was determined Both groups had two measurement sessions: one week before the start of the exercise programme and one week after the end of exercise programme. JDE exercises with a frequency of twice a week, for about 12 weeks, have a significant impact on the improvement of the dynamic agility control in women over 65 years of age
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