Abstract
目的验证天然状态间充质干细胞来源的外泌体(MSC-exosome)治疗小鼠急性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)的效果和可能机制,探索并建立定向基因修饰MSC-exosome的方法并验证修饰后MSC-exosome的功能。方法构建小鼠急性GVHD模型,观察比较不同剂量MSC-exosome组和MSC组的生理指标评分、生存和体重减低程度;进而通过体外T细胞活化实验和体内OVA抗原特异性T细胞活化实验检测比较组间活化T细胞的增殖水平。构建重组表达载体,获得携带PD-L1和PD-L1-ITGB1的AAV2YF3突变体,进而感染人MSC,分离获得其外泌体。检测比较天然状态和修饰后MSC-exosome在体外和体内对活化T细胞的增殖水平和调节性T细胞(Treg)比例的影响。结果①MSC-exosome(300 µg×3次)和小鼠MSC(1×106×3次)均能够有效改善急性GVHD小鼠的生理指标评分、生存和体重减低程度。②相比IL-2对照组,10、25、50 µg人MSC-exosome和1×106人MSC体外共孵育处理均能够抑制活化T细胞的增殖,增殖比例分别为86.0%(IL-2)、40.0%、39.6%、42.8%和41.0%;相比PBS对照组,50、100、200 µg小鼠MSC-exosome和1×106小鼠MSC在体内均能够抑制抗原特异性活化的OT-1细胞的增殖,增殖比例分别为42.6%、33.1%、14.2%、10.6%和14.6%。③携带PD-L1和PD-L1-ITGB1的AAV2YF3突变体定向修饰人MSC-exosome的表达率分别超过40%和60%。④相比天然状态,PD-L1和PD-L1-ITGB1定向修饰后MSC-exosome在体内对抗原特异性活化的OT-1细胞具有更好的增殖抑制效果;在体外亦能明显抑制活化T细胞的增殖,并诱导提高Treg的比例。结论MSC-exosome具有与MSC相似的免疫调节作用。经过PD-L1和PD-L1-ITGB1修饰后的MSC-exosome能够有效抑制活化T细胞的增殖,并且能够诱导提高Treg的比例。
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