Abstract
Prior contact of recipient with donor transplantation antigens evokes humoral and cellular rejection reaction. Blood transfusions, pregnancy and previous grafts may cross-reactively immunize recipient against donor antigens. In all the listed situations donor antigen is mainly provided in “passenger cells” These cells colonize recipient lymphoid tissues and produce progenies. This enhances the host-versus-graft immune response and subsequently rejection ensues. The question arises whether metabolically immobilized non-dividing (mummified) donor cells, mimicking passenger cells, administered to recipient prior to transplantation may mitigate rejection reaction, presumably by evoking formation of enhancing antibodies. Immobilization can be achieved by treatment of donor cells with pulverized NaCl. These cells retain their molecular structure but do not divide. Immunohistopathology of these cells shown normal expression of MHC I and II antigens. Aim: to immunize recipient with donor NaCl-treated splenocytes prior to heart transplantation for prolongation of graft survival. Methods: BN rat spleen fragments were placed in pulverized NaCl and 7 d later implanted intraperitoneally into LEW rat on d 0 and 7. Seven days later heart tx from BN was performed. Non-immunized rats served as controls. No immunosuppression was given. Results: the immunized LEW did not reject BN heart until d 20 (20±2), whereas control rats rejected the graft within 6±1 days (p< 0.001). On histology, rejected hearts from immunized recipients revealed hypertrophied muscle with few infiltrates, in contrast to controls with dense infiltrates and necrotic areas. The MLR revealed decreased reaction to donor lymphocytes. Deposition of IgG in graft vessels could be seen on immunohistochemical pictures. Conclusions: immunization of recipient with mummified splenocytes retaining their molecular structure may be responsible for prolongation of allogeneic heart survival.
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