The idiomatic semantics of nouns derived from substantives with the suffix <i>-nik-</i>

Abstract

Studying various aspects of idiomaticity manifestation is of great importance not only for word formation, but also for lexicology and grammar since this problem is common for different linguistic levels. Consequently, the research is relevant. Based on the analysis of nouns derived from substantives with the suffix -nik-, the paper aims to provide a systematic description of semantic idiomaticity. Research methods included observation, structural-semantic, and comparative analysis. The following sources of idiomaticity in a derivative were considered: an additional semantic component in the lexical meaning of nouns, the invariant derivational formant, the semantics of the motivating stems. The paper describes the nature of the idiomatic meaning extension, its scope and function in nouns. It is concluded that the idiomatic nature of derivatives is associated with the presence of an implicit (i. e. not explicitly expressed) component in the semantics of the word. Idiomaticity is also connected with the unmotivated incompleteness of the reflection of the word-building formant semantics and with the unmotivated incompleteness of the reflection of the derivational base semantics.