The ideology of science during the Nixon years: 1970-76.

Abstract

This paper examines the expert testimony given before the US Congress during the legislative history of the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization and Priorities Act of 1976, examining in particular the scientific witnesses' appeals for enlarged government funding for basic research and greater influence in the making of federal science policy. The author finds that in the process of arguing for increased support and influence, spokesmen for the nation's science establishment articulated an ideology of science which not only proclaimed the authority of scientific values over other forms of cognition, but sought to advance the authority of scientists over the identification and resolution of societal and political issues. In so doing they challenged the viability of political values essential to the Anglo-American democratic-republican heritage. The paper thus documents not only cultural `élitism', which is not necessarily incompatible with democratic politics, but an anti-democratic ideology as well.