THE IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF MODERN DOCTORS: PHILISOPHICAL AND BIOETHICAL ASPECTS

Abstract

The task of modern higher medical education in Ukraine is to provide professional training for future doctors on the relevant principles of philosophy and bioethics involving knowledge, values, attitudes and behavior within the category “moral responsibility of a doctor”.
 This paper is dedicated to basic modern philosophical and bioethical concepts which are related to the moral responsibility of the doctor for human life, as well as analysis of their axiological essence.
 Research methods: content analysis and comparative analysis.
 Feminist bioethics seeks to show the special, exceptional value of a woman’s spiritual world; at the same time the dependence of her social position on the traditional patriarchal society is taken into account. Therefore, when it comes to abortion, women’s interests are dominant.
 In contrast, conservatives and Christians protect the unborn child’s right to life. But now secularism, more assertive in Europe than elsewhere, proposes the exclusion of religious belief and expression from public life. In aspiring to be the legitimate judge of the religious sphere, secularism claims not merely separation from religion but control over it.
 Besides, there is serious discussion on the morality of abortion under conditions of some medical indications, assumptions or forecasts. For instance, concerning a fetus with Down syndrome. On the one hand, this is a serious genetic disease that can cause a difficult life for the child and his or her parents. On the other hand, these special children can even be very talented and achieve great success in various fields of social life, especially in the arts and sports.
 So, it is defined that ideological foundations of modern doctor must be based on the humanistic values’ system. It means that health, safety and life of human, including unborn child, have to be accepted as the highest values. Moral responsibility of doctor is related to implementing of these values into practice.