The Identification of Japanese Black Cattle by Their Faces

Hyeon T. Kim,Y. Ikeda,Hong L. Choi

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.868

Abstract

Individual management of the animal is the first step towards reaching the goal of precision livestock farming that aids animal welfare. Accurate recognition of each individual animal is important for precise management. Electronic identification of cattle, usually referred to as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), has many advantages for farm management. In practice, however, RFID implementations can cause several problems. Reading speed and distance must be optimized for specific applications. Image processing is more effective than RFID for the development of precision farming system in livestock. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to attempt the identification of cattle by using image processing. The majority of the research on the identification of cattle by using image processing has been for the black-and-white patterns of the Holstein. But, native Japanese and Korean cattle do not have a consistent pattern on the body, so that identification by pattern is impossible. This research aims to identify to Japanese black cattle, which does not have a black-white pattern on the body, by using image processing and a neural network algorithm. 12 Japanese black cattle were tested. Values of input parameter were calculated by using the face image values of 12 cows. The face was identified by the associate neural memory algorithm, and the algorithm was verified by the transformed face image, for example, of brightness, distortion, noise and angle. As a result, there was difference due to a transformation ratio of the brightness, distortion, noise, and angle. The algorithm could identify 100% in the range from -30 to +30 degrees of brightness, -20 to +40 degrees of distortion, 0 to 60% of noise and -20 to +30 degree of angle transformed images.

Highlights

Modern livestock producers are concerned with increasing production, and delivering a superior quality of animal production
Farm environment has been studied for optimization of aerial environment to increase its production, and in the very near future, animal farming will demand optimization of the production environment for animal welfare and health
Special attention has to be given to the management of feeding, animal health, and fertility

Summary

Introduction

Modern livestock producers are concerned with increasing production, and delivering a superior quality of animal production. Farm environment has been studied for optimization of aerial environment to increase its production, and in the very near future, animal farming will demand optimization of the production environment for animal welfare and health. Cattle farming demands precision livestock farming in the production and environmental control. Human-animal interactions are a common feature of modern wellbeing farming systems, and research in a number of livestock industries has shown that the interactions between stockpersons and their animals can limit the productivity and welfare of the animals (Hemsworth and Coleman, 1998). Individual management of the animal is the first step for precision farming and animal welfare. Electronic identification of cattle, usually referred to as RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), has many advantages for farm management

Objectives

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Results