The Identification of Chemical Compound and Antibacterial Activity Test of Kopasanda (Chromolaena Odorata L.) Leaf Extract Against Vibriosis-Causing Vibrio harveyi (MR 275 Rif) on Tiger Shrimp

Abstract

Kopasanda ( Chromolaena odorata L.) R.M King and H. Rob were classified as blossoming bush species in the Asteraceae family. An empirical study showed that kopasanda ( C. odorata L.) leaf had been used by the embankment farmers at South Sulawesi Province to eradicate Vibriosis which caused death for tiger prawn ( P.monodon Fabr.). The objective of research was to understand the bioactive compound that was contained within kopasanda ( C. odorata L.) leaf extract and its antibacterial activity against V. harveyi . Result of identification showed that the presence of phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid, and steroid. Result of the extraction of 500 g kopasanda ( C. odorata L) leaf powders with methanol solvent was producing 81.010 g methanol extracts. Its antibacterial test against V. harveyi indicated that there was an ability to prevent the growth of V. harveyi . The partition of 50 g methanol extract with ethyl acetate was resulting in 29,605 g ethyl acetate extract. The residue was partitioned with n-hexane which produced 9,575 g n-hexane. These three extracts were subjected to the test of antibacterial activity against V. harveyi . Result of antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract was producing the highest preventive zone, which was 19 mm. It was followed by 9 mm from the ethyl acetate extract, while n-hexane extract did not show a preventive zone at all. The test indicated minimum inhibitory levels (MIC), supporting the conclusion that the kopasanda ( C.odorata L.) leaf extract inhibited the growth of V. harveyi active with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0,625 mg / mL.