Abstract
Brown seaweeds contain many bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, fucosterol, and fucoxantin. These compounds have several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-hypertensive, and anti-diabetic activity, although in most cases their mechanisms of action are not understood. In this study, extracts generated from five brown algae (Fucus dichitus, Fucus vesiculosus (Linnaeus), Cytoseira tamariscofolia, Cytoseira nodacaulis, Alaria esculenta) were tested for their ability to activate SIRT6 resulting in H3K9 deacetylation. Three of the five macroalgal extracts caused a significant increase of H3K9 deacetylation, and the effect was most pronounced for F. dichitus. The compound responsible for this in vitro activity was identified by mass spectrometry as fucoidan.
Highlights
SIRT6 is an Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+ -dependent histone deacetylase (HDACs EC 3.5.1.98) that functions as a regulator of many cellular processes, is evolutionarily conserved, and exists in a variety of organisms from eukaryotes to humans [1,2]
SIRT6 activity, and the effect was most pronounced for F. distichus
From five species of brown algae tested against SIRT6 modulating activity, F. distichus displayed the most robust increase of SIRT6 deacetylation activity
Summary
SIRT6 is an NAD+ -dependent histone deacetylase (HDACs EC 3.5.1.98) that functions as a regulator of many cellular processes, is evolutionarily conserved, and exists in a variety of organisms from eukaryotes to humans [1,2]. SIRT6 controls healthy ageing by regulating genomic stability, oxidative stress, and glucose metabolism, and it is considered a promising target for age-associated diseases such as chronic inflammation, diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and insulin resistant type-2 diabetes [3,4,5,6,7,8]. Some compounds that enhance SIRT6 activity have been identified, including fatty acids and endogenous fatty acid ethanolamides [12,13]. Phenolic compounds, such as quercetin and luteolin, enhance SIRT6 deacetylation activity, albeit at very high concentrations [13]
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