The Ideas of Fairness in Philosophy Grygorii Skovoroda in the Context of Western Philosophical Tradition of Interpretation of the Concept of Justice (To the 300th Anniversary of the Philosopher)

Abstract

The article examines the specifics of philosophical criticism in the period of the “late” UkrSSR Western concepts of philosophy, psychology, and arts using Larysa Levchuk’s books “Art in the Struggle of Ideologies” and her “Psychoanalysis: From the Unconscious to ‘Fatigue of Consciousness’”. Annotation. The article is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Ukrainian philosopher Hryhoriy Savych Skovoroda.Each epoch has its own view of an outstanding person and their creative work, in particular when it comes to philosophical heritage. Along with the image of the philosopher evolves and understanding of his fundamental ideas and teachings. Their reading and mastering acquire consonance with the problems of the modern time, or lose relevance in it.The article examines one of the cross-cutting ideas of Skovoroda's philosophy – the idea of justice. A comparative analysis of the Ukrainian philosopher's interpretation of fairness with the Western European tradition of considering this idea for many centuries of human history has been made – from the works of the Aristotle, the biblical texts and to the contemporaries of the Ukrainian traveling philosopher, with whose works he was familiar due to the journey to Europe of the time and teaching at the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy.The special importance of fairness in the mentality of Ukrainians is pointed out. Special attention is paid to the concept of justice in connection with the events of the Revolution of Dignity and the war of Ukraine against the Russian fascists and the neo-totalitarian Putin regime.The conclusions state that celebrating the 300th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Ukrainian philosopher Hryhoriy Skovoroda in this turbulent year in the history of modern Ukraine in 2022, particular emphasis should be placed on the Ukrainian nation's assertion of its ideas of fairness, freedom and human dignity in practice.