Abstract
利用CdS单晶体, 一块约厚0.1 毫米, 另一块约厚0.05 毫米, 观察它们在天然光及偏振光下的吸收光谱.在室温及液态空气温度下, 天然光的吸收指示CdS 晶体长波吸收边波长随厚度及温度而改变.在光谱仪狭缝前放一偏振片观察到长波吸收边波长随晶体C轴与偏振光电矢量简介角的改变. 在液态空气温度下观察CdS 晶体对偏振光的吸收情况, 发现在晶体本征吸收边出现由七条强而锐的谱线粗成的一个类氢光系. 测量结果发现每条谱线的波数满足下列公式: 式内k= 3 , 4 ,5, ...9 ; k= 2 的线未在光错中发现.从此式推出的CdS 晶体能级的系限加以温度较正为2.41 电子伏, 与前人用其他方法所得2.42 电子伏是很相近的. 激子的等价质量与电子质量之比为4 .3. CdS 晶体与ZnS晶体结构相似, 常数数值相近, 由此可以猜侧CdS 晶体能级的满带可能是S--离子.所观察到的激子光谱类氢系可能是S--离子的激发态.
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