Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases constitute a group of enzymes that catalyse reversible hydration of carbon dioxide leading to the formation of bicarbonate and proton. The platelet carbonic anhydrase II (CAII) was described for the first time in the '80s of the last century. Nevertheless, its direct role in platelet physiology and pathology still remains poorly understood. The modulation of platelet CAII action as a therapeutic approach holds promise as a novel strategy to reduce the impact of cardiovascular diseases. This short review paper summarises the current knowledge regarding the role of human CAII in regulating platelet function. The potential future directions considering this enzyme as a potential drug target and important pathophysiological chain in platelet-related disorders are described.
Highlights
Carbonic AnhydrasesCarbonic anhydrases constitute a group of zinc containing lyases, classified, according to the Enzyme Catalogue to EC 4.2.1.1., into the lyases subclass “carbon-oxygen lyases” and subclasses “hydrolyses” [1]
Carbonic anhydrases constitute a group of enzymes that catalyse reversible hydration of carbon dioxide leading to the formation of bicarbonate and proton
Carbonic anhydrase II was found to catalyse generation of nitric oxide form nitrite [100], which may be an additional origination of intra-platelet NO
Summary
Carbonic anhydrases constitute a group of zinc containing lyases, classified, according to the Enzyme Catalogue to EC 4.2.1.1., into the lyases subclass “carbon-oxygen lyases” and subclasses “hydrolyses” [1]. Ignaki et al demonstrated in 1991 that anticarbonic anhydrase autoantibodies (aCAAs) are present in serum of 32% patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, in 21% of patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, but not in healthy volunteers. They showed that aCAAs have affinity to epidermal cells, hair follicles, sweat glands, and renal tubular cells [15]. Up to date aCAAs have been described in patients with rheumatoid disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, Behcet's disease, lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, systemic sclerosis, and Sjogren syndrome) [16,17,18], digestive tract disorders
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