Abstract
General Relativity implies an expanding Universe from a singularity, the so-called Big Bang. The rate of expansion is the Hubble constant. There are two major ways of measuring the expansion of the Universe: through the cosmic distance ladder and through looking at the signals originated from the beginning of the Universe. These two methods give quite different results for the Hubble constant. Hence, the Universe doesn’t expand. The solution to this problem is the theory of gravitation in flat space-time where space isn’t expanding. All the results of gravitation for weak fields of this theory agree with those of General Relativity to measurable accuracy whereas at the beginning of the Universe the results of both theories are quite different, i.e. no singularity by gravitation in flat space-time and non-expanding universe, and a Big Bang (singularity) by General Relativity.
Highlights
General Relativity (GR) implies an expanding universe where the expansion rate is the Hubble constant
We will use the theory of gravitation in flat space-time (GFST) instead of GR which is studied by the author in the book and in several
GFST is defined in flat space-time metric, e.g. in the pseudo-Euclidean geometry which is used in the following to study homogeneous, isotropic, cosmological models
Summary
General Relativity (GR) implies an expanding universe where the expansion rate is the Hubble constant. We will use the theory of gravitation in flat space-time (GFST) instead of GR which is studied by the author in the book and in several. GFST gives non-expanding space for the universe. The source of the gravitation field is the total energy-momentum tensor including that of gravitation. GR doesn’t satisfy this condition and in addition the energy-momentum of gravitation by GR is not a tensor. The possibility of non-expanding, cosmological models is already given in the article [10] by the use of GFST. ( ) ( ) The gravitational field is described by a symmetric tensor gij. In addition to the field Equation (13) and the equations of motion (16) the conservation law of the total energy-momentum holds, i.e. The results of this chapter may be found in the book [12] and in the subsequently appeared articles [3] [4] [6].
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