Abstract
Execution difficulties and financial constraints are encountered when conducting experiments of full scale evacuation exercises in large scale building. This study focuses on large gymnasiums. The concept of ‘Hot Area’ is proposed by focus groups of fire experts. The most dangerous spot in a building, Hot Area, is selected and analyzed based on the ranking method. Then, a Hot Area evacuation exercise is carried out to replace a full-scale evacuation exercise. In addition to simulating the Hot Area evacuation in Taipei Arena with Exodus software, an observation of a real life exiting of 2089 people is also conducted. Next, the observation result is compared with the software-simulated result. Finally, suggestions are made to provide a set of reference criteria for inspecting the same type of buildings when their construction works are completed. Santrauka Evakuacijos iš didelių pastatų eksperimentai yra sunkiai atliekami ir brangūs. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama evakuacija iš didelių gimnazijos pastatų. Tyrimas grindžiamas karštosios zonos sąvoka, pasiūlyta gaisrinės saugos ekspertų grupės. Karštoji zona yra pavojingiausia vieta pastate. Straipsnyje ši zona parenkama ir analizuojama taikant rikiavimo metodą. Parinkus pavojingają zoną, evakuacijos eksperimentas atliekamas iš jos, o ne iš viso pastato. Evakuacija modeliuota Taipėjaus arenos pastate taikant Exodus programą, modeliavimo rezultatai lyginti su tikraja 2089 žmonių evakuacija. Remiantis tyrimo rezultatais pasiūlyta keletas kriterijų, panašių pastatų inspekcijai atlikti baigus jų statybą.
Highlights
The time taken to evacuate space inside a building must be shorter than the time for the environment in that space to become life threatening
Based on the results found through focus groups composed by fire experts and the ranking method analysis, Hot Areas are selected and evaluated
Studies of performance-based design may be able to avoid morality issues involved with full-scale evacuation exercises, if results simulated by these studies cannot be compared with observation of real life evacuation or exiting, further researches are still required to verify whether the simulation results can closely represent the real evacuation scenarios in large scale building
Summary
The time taken to evacuate space inside a building (required time for evacuation) must be shorter than the time for the environment in that space to become life threatening. Studies of performance-based design may be able to avoid morality issues involved with full-scale evacuation exercises, if results simulated by these studies cannot be compared with observation of real life evacuation or exiting, further researches are still required to verify whether the simulation results can closely represent the real evacuation scenarios in large scale building. Focus Groups for Hot Area The reliability of replacing full-scale evacuation exercises with performance-based design studies still needs further investigation. After conducting the said focus group interview, the experts and scholars suggested the concept of “Hot Area” as an experiment method and assessment criteria to replace a full-scale evacuation exercise in the hope that the financial cost and moral risk of real-life evacuation exercises can be reduced and the result can serve as a reference for governments to inspect evacuation plans of large scale building. In the evacuation process, “11) Flow rate” is often an important item to be assessed for building evacuation
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