The host metabolism following bacterial biofilm: what is the mechanism of action?

Abstract

The interplay of biofilm with host leads to a range of physiological reactions of the interacting members aimed at an adaptation to the novel position. These reactions include metabolic shifts in the influenced host cell, which is most apparent when the biofilm-forming bacteria replicates surround host cells. Whilst the bacteria try to deprive micronutrients of the host, the host cell, in turn, takes many metabolic countermeasures toward the micronutrient steal. During these conflicting interplays, the bacteria stimulate metabolic host cell reactions by means of common cell envelope ingredients and particular factors mediated to virulence. Hence, there is a crucial need for cellular models that more closely reflect the in-vivo infection conditions. The profound comprehension of the metabolic host cell reactions can provide novel interesting concepts for antibacterial treatments. In this review, a summarize of the metabolic changes of the host cells after bacterial biofilm formation is presented.