Abstract
Understanding the topography of hospital safety culture is vital for developing, implementing, and monitoring the effectiveness of tailored safety programs. Since 2009, the Chinese version of the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ-C) has been introduced and administered to providers in many Taiwanese hospitals. The percentage of SAQ respondents who demonstrate attitudinal agreement within each of the SAQ domains, the percent agreement (PA) score, is used worldwide as the main parameter of safety culture surveys. However, several limitations within PA scoring have been identified. Our study sought to improve scoring methodology and develop a new graph layout for cultural topography presentation. A total of 37,163 responses to a national SAQ-C administration involving 200 Taiwan hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. To understand the central tendency and spread of safety culture scores across all participating hospitals, the median and interquartile range (IQR) of individual respondent’s SAQ-C scores by its domain were calculated, plotted, and named “Jeong & Lee plot”. Because of space limitation, we showed teamwork domain only. Study results denote limitations in the current PA scoring scheme, suggest SAQ analysis modification, and introduce a visualization graph layout that can provide richer information about safety culture dissemination than that available from currently utilized tools.
Highlights
Since the groundbreaking 1999 Institute of Medicine report, “To Err is Human: Building a SaferHealth System” was published, patient safety has taken central stage in healthcare, leading to global development of safety improvement programs [1,2,3,4]
Note that thecan method we proposed can be applied to any safety culture survey space limits,as we rounded off to the nearest whole number
This study identified the limitations of widespread percent agreement (PA) scoring schemes and their presentation This study identified the limitations of widespread PA scoring schemes and their presentation methods
Summary
Health System” was published, patient safety has taken central stage in healthcare, leading to global development of safety improvement programs [1,2,3,4]. These programs target specific safety issues (e.g., wrong site surgeries, patient falls) and are connected to the development of organizational safety culture [4,5,6,7,8]. Understanding the topography of safety culture is vital for developing and implementing tailored safety programs and monitoring their effectiveness. Most Taiwanese hospitals have implemented The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ).
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