Abstract
Background Previous studies in Caucasians have observed that a single nucleotide polymorphism 35kb upstream of the HLA-C gene (-35SNP) associates with control of HIV-1 viral load set-point and cell surface expression of HLA-C. HIV-1 selectively downregulates HLA-A and HLA-B but not HLA-C, via the action of the Nef protein. Thus it has been speculated that higher cell surface HLA-C expression results in a stronger HLA-C-restricted T cell response which might play a role in the control of HIV-1 replication in individuals with the protective -35C variant. However, HLA-C-restricted CD8 T cell responses are relatively weak and we could find no difference in functional HLA-Crestricted CD8 T cell activity measured by IFN-g ELISPOT assay, according to -35SNP genotype. Therefore, we aimed to examine if there is any correlation between total CD8 T cell function and the -35SNP.
Highlights
Previous studies in Caucasians have observed that a single nucleotide polymorphism 35kb upstream of the HLA-C gene (-35SNP) associates with control of HIV-1 viral load set-point and cell surface expression of HLA-C
It has been speculated that higher cell surface HLA-C expression results in a stronger HLA-C-restricted T cell response which might play a role in the control of HIV-1 replication in individuals with the protective -35C variant
Protective HLA-B alleles were always in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-C alleles that are in linkage disequilibrium with the -35C allele
Summary
Previous studies in Caucasians have observed that a single nucleotide polymorphism 35kb upstream of the HLA-C gene (-35SNP) associates with control of HIV-1 viral load set-point and cell surface expression of HLA-C. HIV-1 selectively downregulates HLA-A and HLA-B but not HLA-C, via the action of the Nef protein. It has been speculated that higher cell surface HLA-C expression results in a stronger HLA-C-restricted T cell response which might play a role in the control of HIV-1 replication in individuals with the protective -35C variant. HLA-C-restricted CD8 T cell responses are relatively weak and we could find no difference in functional HLA-Crestricted CD8 T cell activity measured by IFN-g ELISPOT assay, according to -35SNP genotype. We aimed to examine if there is any correlation between total CD8 T cell function and the -35SNP
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