Abstract
The beginnings of the mining history date back to ancient times, up to the second century B.C. One field closely related to mining activities is mine surveying. Mine surveying and mapping are disciplines that deal with the surveying and displaying of underground works and mining claims, in which their spatial relationships are determined against the surface. The introductory part of the paper is dedicated to the history and development of the mine surveying discipline and mapping, and to the profession of a mine surveyor. The second part of the article is devoted to historical mining maps produced in Austria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Historical mine maps belong to the significant treasures of past times, and from today's perspective they are often considered to be pieces of art. In the time of their origin they belonged to the most sophisticated technical-natural documents that were used for the registration of property rights, and for the performance of mining activities. With regard to the period in which they were created they are accurate, yet there are few records on their history.
Highlights
Mining and related activities belong among the oldest technical disciplines that affected the development of states in the Czech basins
A field closely related to mining activities is mine surveying, together with the profession of a mine surveyor, who ensures the mine surveying works in mines, and on adjacent surfaces
Mine maps provide evidence based on the excellent knowledge and experience of old mine surveyors or mining experts, and many historical mine maps contributed to the discovery of old flooded mine shafts and to various explorations
Summary
Mining and related activities belong among the oldest technical disciplines that affected the development of states in the Czech basins. A field closely related to mining activities is mine surveying, together with the profession of a mine surveyor, who ensures the mine surveying works in mines, and on adjacent surfaces. Mine maps provide evidence based on the excellent knowledge and experience of old mine surveyors or mining experts, and many historical mine maps contributed to the discovery of old flooded mine shafts and to various explorations. Historical maps or older maps are widely used for rediscovering the old mining works of lignite mines that are excavated using the opencast mining, e.g. in North Bohemian Mines
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