The histological and hormonal changes that occur on reproductive system and pregnancy in adult albino mice after treatment of tramadol

Abstract

Tramadol is a centrally active synthetic opioid analgesic that is used extensively. The present research conducted to outline the histological changes on reproductive system ( ovaries and uterus of females and testis of male) and hormonal status of mature albino mice . Fourty mice (male and female) weighing approximately 25-30g were used in the present study. Animals were divided into two groups control male and females (n=20) and tramadol treatment male and female group (n=20). Applied tramadol doses 25mg /Kg/day were daily injected intramuscular for 60 days. At the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and their ovary, uterus and testis were incised and fixed in 10% formalin for histological investigation .The blood sample were collected for measure hormonal levels (sex hormones) of both sex. The results of males hormones levels showing highly significant reduce in the level of testosterone and highly significant increase in the level of prolactin hormone while (FSH and LH) showed significant decrease as compared with control group. The result of female hormones levels showed a highly significant reduce in the level of Estradiol and significant decrease in the level of (FSH and LH) hormones as compared with control group. The histological section of ovary showing damage of growing follicles, increase cellularity of stroma, cystic follicle degeneration. There were hypertrophied endometrium glands , atrophic endometrium lining of uterus, testis possessed disorganization of the seminiferous tubules with inflammatory cells, degenerative change in germ cell with vacuolated epithelium.