Abstract
The Hippo pathway is pervasively activated and has been well recognized to play critical roles in human cancer. The deregulation of Hippo signaling involved in cancer development, progression, and resistance to cancer treatment have been confirmed in several human cancers. Its biological significance and deregulation in cancer have drawn increasing interest in the past few years. A fundamental understanding of the complexity of the Hippo pathway in cancer is crucial for improving future clinical interventions and therapy for cancers. In this review, we try to clarify the complex regulation and function of the Hippo signaling network in cancer development, including its role in signal transduction, metabolic regulation, and tumor development, as well as tumor therapies targeting the Hippo pathway.
Highlights
During tumor development, cancer cells are exposed to dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment and availability of nutrients [1,2,3]
Based on the ability of the yes-associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with a PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ) to regulate signal transduction, metabolism adaptation, and phenotypic changes, it is expected that the Hippo signaling pathway will function as a central hub for cancer development
We will introduce the regulatory role of the Hippo pathway in tumor development, signal transduction, and metabolism, and discuss possible cancer treatment strategies targeting the Hippo pathway
Summary
Cancer cells are exposed to dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment and availability of nutrients [1,2,3]. Cancer cells need to adapt their physiological processes and metabolism to these changes so as to maintain, survive, proliferate, and even undergo behavioral changes such as invasion and metastasis [4,5]. This is a complex signaling cascade, including cellular perception and transduction of stimuli in the microenvironment, as well as intracellular metabolic reprogramming to support the high demand for energy and building blocks [6]. We will introduce the regulatory role of the Hippo pathway in tumor development, signal transduction, and metabolism, and discuss possible cancer treatment strategies targeting the Hippo pathway
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