Abstract
Quercetin is bioactive flavonoid compound found in plants as aglycon and in form of glycosides. Food, wines, juices, medicinal herbs and waste materials (onion and apple peel, fruit pomace) are rich sources of this powerful antioxidant. Unfortunately, its solubility and bioavailability is low. During the last decade, strong shift to completely green methods for quercetin extraction is observed; only safe, environmentally friendly, bio-based solvents are used for new method development. For large monitoring studies and quality control, extreme minimisation is available. Short overview of possible approaches to quercetin extraction is given and illustrated by recent examples, interesting technical solutions are emphasized, and green aspects of presented methods discussed, including bio-based and natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). All presented methods: sonication, supercritical fluids extraction, subcritical or pressurized hot water, microwave, solid phase, or classical liquid extraction, can use ethanol and water, carbon dioxide and water, water alone, bio-based solvents or NADES.
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