Abstract
High Calcium Wood Ash (HCWA) and Pulverised Fuel Ash (PFA) are by-products from the wood biomass and coal energy production which are produced in la rge quantity with combined annual production of 500 million tonnes. This poses a serious problem for di sposal of the waste material especially at places w here land is scarce. The prescribed study was aimed to examine the mineralogical phases and their respective amount present in the industrial wastes which gover ns the hydration mechanism towards self-sustained solidification of the ashes when used in combinatio n. Besides, the influence of various forming pressu re and hydrothermal treatment temperature on mechanical strength performance of HCWA-PFA cementless mortar blocks was also examined. In the study, the mechani cal strength of the HCWA-PFA cementless mortar block produced using various forming pressure and h ydrothermal treatment temperature was assessed in terms of compressive strength and dynamic modulus. The results of the study are indicative that HCWA i s rich in calcium oxide and potassium oxide content. This enables the hybridization of HCWA with the amorphous silica and alumina rich PFA to form a sol id geopolymer binder matrix for fabrication of cementless mortar block. Throughout the study, dime nsionally and mechanically stable HCWA-PFA geopolymer mortar blocks were successfully produced by press forming and hydrothermal treatment method. Based on statistical analysis, the hydrothe rmal treatment temperature has a statistically insignificant effect on the mechanical strength of the HCWA-PFA cementless mortar blocks. The dominant factor which governs the mechanical strength of the HCWA-PFA cementless mortar blocks was found to be the hydraulic forming pressure. Moreover, it was fo und that hybridized HCWA-PFA can be recycled as the sole binder for fabrication of cementless concrete block which is a useful construction material.
Highlights
70% of the total quantity produced, another 20% is used as soil supplement and the remnant 10% is used for
The mechanical strength performance of the High Calcium Wood Ash (HCWA)-Pulverised Fuel Ash (PFA) cementless concrete block is deliberated in terms of compressive strength and dynamic modulus of elasticity
The aforementioned statistical analysis implies that the variation of hydrothermal treatment temperature from 60-100°C do not have a significant influence on the compressive strength of the HCWA-PFA cementless block produced
Summary
70% of the total quantity produced, another 20% is used as soil supplement and the remnant 10% is used for. As power production produces a substantial amount of coal wood ash consists of highly fine particulate matters fly ash and bottom ash as a combustion residue. The which can be suspended in the air by action of estimated annual worldwide production of Coal Fly Ash wind, such method of disposal may result in subsequent (CFA) in the year 2001 is 480 million tonne. The amount problem such as respiratory health problem to residents has been increasing since the last decade. Amount of this waste material poses a serious solid waste contamination of ground water resources can management problem to the local authorities globally. Corresponding Author: Cheah Chee Ban, School of Housing, Building and Planning, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, Malaysia
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