The hierarchical layer with dynamic imine bonds on carbon fiber surface to simultaneously improve interface and electromagnetic shielding properties of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites

Abstract

Constructing surface hierarchical layer is regarded as an effective surface modification of carbon fibers (CFs) to enhance their composites mechanical properties. However, this method usually deteriorates the intrinsic properties of CF and the hierarchical layer is not fully compatible with thermal processing of the polymer. Here, a novel hierarchical layer consisting of polydopamine, polyethyleneimine and multi-walled carbon nanotubes without damages to CF was successfully decorated on CF surface (CNT@PP-CF) for simultaneously enhancing the mechanical and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding properties of CF reinforced polyamide 66 (PA66) composite. The CNT@PP hierarchical layer with dynamic imine bonds enhanced the interfacial wettability and bonding between CF and PA66 during thermal processing. Compared with that of untreated-CF, the interfacial shear strength and tensile strength of CNT@PP-CF/PA66 composite were increased by 52.3% and 19.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the EMI shielding performance was enhanced by 89.6%. This improvement would be ascribed to the dynamic imine polar groups and heterogeneous interfaces in the hierarchical layers which enhanced the conductive and dielectric losses of composites. Our research provided a novel approach based on dynamic covalent bond exchanges to achieve the functional and structural integration of CF reinforced thermoplastic resin composites.