Abstract
A new data product from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) called Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARPs) is now available. SDO/HMI is the first space-based instrument to map the full-disk photospheric vector magnetic field with high cadence and continuity. The SHARP data series provide maps in patches that encompass automatically tracked magnetic concentrations for their entire lifetime; map quantities include the photospheric vector magnetic field and its uncertainty, along with Doppler velocity, continuum intensity, and line-of-sight magnetic field. Furthermore, keywords in the SHARP data series provide several parameters that concisely characterize the magnetic-field distribution and its deviation from a potential-field configuration. These indices may be useful for active-region event forecasting and for identifying regions of interest. The indices are calculated per patch and are available on a twelve-minute cadence. Quick-look data are available within approximately three hours of observation; definitive science products are produced approximately five weeks later. SHARP data are available at http://jsoc.stanford.edu and maps are available in either of two different coordinate systems. This article describes the SHARP data products and presents examples of SHARP data and parameters.
Highlights
This article describes a data product from the Solar Dynamics Observatory’s Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) called Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARPs)
Data taken onboard SDO/HMI are downlinked to the ground, automatically processed through the HMI data pipeline, and made available at jsoc.stanford.edu organized in data series (Schou et al, 2012a; Scherrer et al, 2012)
Definitive data with 11 segments wherein all quantities have been remapped to a heliographic Cylindrical Equal-Area coordinate system centered on the patch, and the vector B has been transformed into the components Br, Bθ, and Bφ Near-real-time data; otherwise same as hmi.sharp_720s
Summary
This article describes a data product from the Solar Dynamics Observatory’s Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) called Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARPs). The SHARP data series currently include 16 indices computed from the vector magnetic field in active-region patches. These parameters, many of which have been associated with enhanced flare productivity, are automatically calculated for each solar active region using HMI vector magnetic-field data with a 12-minute cadence. When Leka and Barnes (2003a) conducted a discriminant analysis of over a hundred parameters calculated from vector magnetic-field measurements of seven active regions, they could identify “no single, or even small number of, physical properties of an active region that is sufficient and necessary to produce a flare.”. We present examples of four active-region parameters for 12 X-, M-, and C-class flaring active regions
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