Abstract
The hajj celebrates a multiplicity of cultures, lifestyles, views, and interpretations. Through imagination, pilgrims awake to “constructive possibilities” that counter absolutism. Pilgrims are to contemplate the inner meaning of the rites and apply the significance of those rites beyond the hajj to their everyday lives. For example, God's commentary on women's dignity is nestled within the hajj rituals honoring Eve and Hagar. Eve's role as the mother of mankind is celebrated silently, as is Hagar and her example of faith. Race, gender, and class are man-made divisions; during the hajj, all pilgrims stand united in a single act of worship, equal before God.
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