Abstract
The principal ruin at the site of the city of Alexandria Troas entered the consciousness of European travellers anonymously, and was referred to simply as a castle or palace; when Thomas Coryate saw it in 1613 he was overcome by its magnificence and concluded, since he thought he was at Troy, that it must have been the main castle or palace of the city, but already in Lithgow's time it was known simply as “The Palace of Priam”. The name was to persist for well over a century, but by 1675 Spon had recognised it as Roman work and Wheler, basing his conclusions (as later did Pococke) on a comparison with the Harbour Gymnasium at Ephesus – at that time commonly regarded as the Temple of Diana – thought it might be a temple. Chandler, in 1764, called it a gymnasium; Lechevalier and Clarke, and after them Choiseul-Gouffier, were confident that it was a bath-building, and although Prokesch-Osten eccentrically disagreed and Texier and Napier pointed out that the two functions were not incompatible, Koldewey in his study called it a bath, and that designation is still with us.
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