Abstract
The studies were conducted in a nursery of sour cherry ‘Łutówka’ budded on <em>Prunus mahaleb</em> L. in the years 1993, 2000–2003, and 2013. The height of trees, the diameter of stems, and the length of lateral shoots were measured. The air temperature and precipitation higher than the long-term mean (by approximately 10 % and 28%, respectively) contributed to the increase in the stem diameter, the total length of shoots, and the number of shoots per tree. The length of lateral shoots increased from the top of the crown towards the lower parts, however, the number of feathers per tree and the mean length of shoots decreased. A strong positive relationship (<em>r</em> = 0.74, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) was revealed between the stem diameter and the total length of shoots. Generally, the correlations between the type of growth of sour cherry maiden trees and morphological traits were similar to those characteristic for apple maiden trees or “knip-boom” type trees.
Highlights
Material and methodsNumerous studies deal with the relationship between the types of growth of maiden trees of various fruit tree species and their morphology [1,2,3,4,5,6]
The present study proved the influence of air temperature and precipitation higher than the long-term mean on the number of lateral shoots and on the variation in shoot number
The year effect was more important than the formation methods for the stem diameter, tree height, total length of lateral shoots, number of feathers, and mean length of shoots
Summary
Numerous studies deal with the relationship between the types of growth of maiden trees of various fruit tree species and their morphology [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The aim of the experiments was to reveal the effect of several procedures (such as nutrition, time and height of budding) on the quality of maiden trees [7,8,9,10,11]. Some research has been conducted on sour cherry rootstocks in nurseries [12,13]. Experiments conducted on apple maiden trees have proved that the stem diameter is a more adequate reflection of tree quality than its height [1,3,4]. Sour cherry production in Poland is on a gradual increase [15] and to meet farmers’ expectations, high-quality planting material is required
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