Abstract

This chapter provides a review of the movement toward more comprehensive mental health systems in schools through mental health-education system partnerships. We review factors contributing to the growth of this field including experiences in school nursing, school-based health centers, regulations regarding special education, and progressively expanding federal support. We then discuss integration of these expanded school mental health (SMH) programs with multitiered systems of support (MTSS) in schools, such as Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS). Specifically, the Interconnected Systems Framework (ISF) for SMH and PBIS represents a platform for effective programs and services at Tier 1, involving promotion/prevention; Tier 2, involving early intervention; and Tier 3, more intensive intervention. Key strategies associated with the ISF and effective practices at each of these tiers are reviewed, including emphases on effective team and culturally responsive and evidence-based practices. The chapter concludes with a review of future directions for SMH.

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