THE GROSS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF INITIAL SOILS OF VERKHOVYNA’S WATERSHED RIDGE OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS

Abstract

Problem Statement and Purpose. The intrasonal initial organogenic soils are formed with in the Verkhovyna’s watershed ridge of the Ukrainian Carpathians. They are dated to the access to the daily surface of dense sandstones of the Krosno zone. The aim of research is to establish the features of the gross chemical composition of the initial soils of the Verkhovyna’s watershed ridge of the Ukrainian Carpathians at differents tages of evolutionary development have been defined in this work. The investigate the impact of the major cenosis-forming species on the change of their gross chemical composition and morphological features has been investigated. Data & Methods. The analysis of references, source materials, the results of personal field studies based on morphological characteristics and consideration of succession of vegetation changes allowed to form an evolutionary series of initial soils within the area of research:embryonic soils-soil-like bodies-initial (primary) soils - primitive (young) soils. Within the study area, The morphological features of the initial soils were studied and samples were taken for laboratory-analytical studies. Results. The characteristic feature of gross chemical composition of initial soils at different stages of development is the accumulation of one and a half oxids of silica, Aluminum and Iron compounds, which is caused by the introduction of these elements from plant precipitation and atmospheric sediments. This is confirmed by them formation of the elemental composition of leaf lichens and mosses, where tlie accumulation of compounds of Aluminum and Fenun, as well as Calcium and Magnesium due to biological cycling is noted .The calculated eluvial-accumulative coefficients attested the total removal of oxides at all stages of evolution of the initial soils. Them formation of the gross chemical composition of the initial soils made it possible to diagnose file main EGP, which form the morphological features of the initial soils at different stages of development. Decarbonisation of soil-forming rocks is a prerequisite for the beginning of embryonic soil formation and formation of embryonic soil; fersialization - the process of accumulation of movable forms of iron is based on decarbonisation, which is inherent in the soil-like body; humus - socialization - transformation of mineral mass under the action of neutral and slightly acidic humus substances, which contributes to the partial removal of bases and the formation of sod-humus ( peaty ) horizon; peat formation, which is characteristic of all stages (except the embryonic one) and is determined mainly by the climatic conditions of thestudying area.