Abstract
Known as the ‘Great Imitator’, ocular syphilis often mimics a variety of ocular inflammatory conditions, and as such can pose a challenge to diagnosis. It is classically associated with secondary syphilis, however may present in all stages of disease. Presentations include scleritis, interstitial keratitis, iritis, chorioretinitis, papillitis, retinal vasculitis, exudative retinal detachment and optic and cranial neuropathies. Non-treponemal tests (VDRL, RPR) are used for screening and to monitor response to treatment, while treponemal tests (FTA-ABS, TPPA) are used for confirmation of diagnosis and remain positive for life.
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