Abstract
The Great Gandak is a snow-fed braided river which originates from the Nhubine Himal glacier. It is a major left bank tributary of Ganga River. After travelling a distance of about 300 km through West Champaran, East Champaran, Muzaffarpur, Gopalganj, Siwan, Saran, Vaishali and Hajipur in the alluvial plain region, it joins the river Ganga at Hajipur near Patna. Locally, it is known as Narayani because it brings the Shaligram known as Lord Vishnu in Hindu religion. The Gandak River canals provide the water for irrigation to India and Nepal. The valley of the Great Gandak is very wide, and at some places, it splits into two and then rejoins. It causes flood and lateral erosion almost every year and affects the society. The oldest university of the world Vaishali and Nalanda and the first republic of the world Vaishali are located at its bank.
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