The graduated embryo score predicts the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies better than a single day 3 evaluation and achieves results associated with blastocyst transfer from day 3 embryo transfer

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the graduated embryo score (GES) for predicting assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcome compared to a single morphologic evaluation on day 3 of culture (grade A: ≥7 cells; <20% fragmentation). Design Prospective cohort analysis. Setting Private practice. Patient(s) Women aged <40 years with a normal uterine cavity treated with ART (n = 106). Intervention(s) Embryos were graded by GES and by day 3 morphologic characteristics alone before ET. Cycle outcomes were compared with embryo grade. Main outcome measure(s) Ongoing gestation and implantation rates. Result(s) Overall ongoing gestation and implantation rates were 48% and 26%, respectively. With 1+ embryo GES ≥70 (n = 77), the rates were 62% and 36%, respectively, which were significantly higher than for those with 0 embryos GES ≥70 (n = 29). With 1+ grade A embryo (n = 102), the rates were 50% and 27%, respectively. Transfer of more than one embryo GES ≥70 did not improve the pregnancy rate, but did increase the risk of multiple gestations. A single day 3 evaluation had an extremely low specificity (7%) compared to GES (47%). Graduated embryo scoring (GES) was an excellent predictor of pregnancy and implantation rates from blastocyst transfer. Day of transfer did not affect pregnancy rates, although implantation was higher from day 5 embryo transfer (ET) than from day 3 ET, as fewer embryos were transferred. Conclusion(s) Transfer of one or more embryo GES ≥70 predicts pregnancy and implantation rates better than a single morphologic evaluation on day 3 and achieves ART outcomes associated with blastocyst transfer from day 3 ET, making extended culture unnecessary for most patients.