Abstract
The period beginning around 1750 and encompassing most of the nineteenth century has been described as an age in which men tried to sever all relations with God. Rationalism in philosophy and enlightenment in the physical sciences were its dominant characteristics. So, too, was its optimism. For it was an age in which man declared himself independent of the Deity and sought to shatter the old religious myths in order to create in their place a new myth of his own. Best stated in Nietzschean terms, it was an age in which God was dead and the new Superman would soon reign. The new myth with which the old ones were replaced was not just another religious myth; it was a myth of man himself. Through it men thought themselves capable of far greater security, freedom, and peace of mind than the old myths had ever provided.
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