The glutathione S-transferase (PxGST2L) may contribute to the detoxification metabolism of chlorantraniliprole in Plutella xylostella(L.)

Fei Yin,Xiaoxiang Wang,Qingsheng Lin,Xia Feng,Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir,Zhenyu Li

doi:10.1007/s10646-021-02431-4

Abstract

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.), is an economic pest of cruciferous plants worldwide, which causes great economic loss to cruciferous plants production. However, the pest has developed resistance to insecticides. One of such insecticides is chlorantraniliprole. The study of the mechanisms underlying resistance is key for the effective management of resistance. In this study, a comparative proteomics approach was used to isolate and identify various proteins that differed between chlorantraniliprole-susceptible and -resistant strains of P. xylostella. Eleven proteins were significantly different and were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. Metabolism-related proteins accounted for the highest proportion among the eleven different proteins. The function of the PxGST2L protein was validated by RNAi. Knockdown of PxGST2L reduced the GST activity and increased the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole to the diamondback moth. The resistance ratio of diamondback moth to chlorantraniliprole was reduced from 1029 to 505. The results indicated that PxGST2L is partly responsible for chlorantraniliprole insecticide resistance in DBM. Our finding contributes to the understanding of the mechanism underlying resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the DBM, to develop effective resistance management tactics.

Highlights

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Brassicidae) is a global pest of Brassica plants (Li et al 2016; Sarfraz et al 2006; Takeda et al 2006)
The results showed that Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase, glutathione Stransferase 4 protein, triosephosphate isomerase and imaginal disk growth factor, were significantly upregulated at the mRNA level (Fig. 3)
The changes in the mRNA levels of these four proteins were consistent with the corresponding protein levels (Fig. 4)

Summary

Introduction

The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Brassicidae) is a global pest of Brassica plants (Li et al 2016; Sarfraz et al 2006; Takeda et al 2006). Chlorantraniliprole was reported to be the most active compound against lepidopteran pests in 2009. Due to its low mammalian toxicity, high activity and unique mechanism of action, the pesticide has been used widely. It has been registered for use in more than 80 countries and ranked among the 5 top-selling insecticides worldwide in 2011. Long-term use of chlorantraniliprole affect the net reproductive rate, mean generation time and doubling time of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Hypteridae) and Apis mellifera (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) (Oliveira et al 2019; Parsaeyan et al 2020; Williams 2020). The low contact toxicity of chlorantraniliprole affected the survival, development and predation ability of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) (He et al 2019). About US $0.77 billion is spent annually on the control of DBM and crop losses in China (Li et al 2016)

Methods

Results

Conclusion