Abstract
The induction of ppGpp synthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor influenced the expression of several genomic elements characteristic of streptomycete biology, including antibiotic gene clusters, conservons, and morphogenetic proteins.
Highlights
Regulation of production of the translational apparatus via the stringent factor ppGpp in response to amino acid starvation is conserved in many bacteria
If transcription of the S. coelicolor genome approximates to the situation described for E. coli by Bremer and Davies [64], stable RNA synthesis probably constitutes about 80% of cellular transcription under optimal growth conditions
The vast majority of cellular RNA polymerase during active growth would be concentrated into transcription foci centered on the rRNA operons in the nucleoid, analogous to observations made in E. coli [65,66]
Summary
Regulation of production of the translational apparatus via the stringent factor ppGpp in response to amino acid starvation is conserved in many bacteria. One important system for sensing nutrient starvation and triggering adaptive responses in bacteria involves the highly phosphorylated guanine nucleotide ppGpp, known as stringent factor. This has long been known to effect a rapid response to amino acid starvation in Escherichia coli, downregulating both rRNA biosynthesis and ribosome production [4,5]. Under amino acid limiting conditions, the RelA protein associated with ribosomes synthesises ppGpp in response to occupancy of the ribosomal A-site by uncharged tRNAs. The mode of action of ppGpp has been studied extensively in E. coli, and involves reorienting gene transcription via binding to RNA polymerase (reviewed in [6])
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